Day 2: Vocabulary Building & Sentence Formation

Lesson Objectives

Today, you’ll learn:

• 50 Common English Words: Essential vocabulary with Urdu meanings for everyday use.
• Sentence Structure: Master Subject + Verb + Object for clear communication.
• Present Simple Tense: Use affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms correctly.
• Daily Activities: Practice sentences about your routine to reinforce learning.

Semantic tip: Focus on 'daily English sentences' and 'English grammar for Urdu speakers' to build a strong foundation.

50 Common English Words with Urdu Meanings

Memorize these words to enhance your 'English vocabulary builder' skills. Each word is paired with its Urdu translation for easy learning.

English Word	Urdu Meaning	Example Sentence
House	گھر	I live in a house.
Water	پانی	I drink water daily.
Food	کھانا	She cooks food.
School	اسکول	He goes to school.
Book	کتاب	I read a book.
Car	گاڑی	We have a car.
Friend	دوست	My friend is kind.
Family	خاندان	My family is big.
Work	کام	I work every day.
Time	وقت	Time is precious.
Day	دن	Today is a good day.
Night	رات	I sleep at night.
Home	گھر	She is at home.
City	شہر	I live in a city.
Shop	دکان	I go to the shop.
Money	پیسہ	Money is important.
Eat	کھانا	I eat breakfast.
Drink	پینا	She drinks tea.
Sleep	سونہ	We sleep early.
Walk	چلنا	He walks to school.
Run	دوڑنا	I run in the park.
Read	پڑھنا	She reads books.
Write	لکھنا	I write a letter.
Speak	بولنا	We speak English.
Listen	سننا	I listen to music.
Big	بڑا	The house is big.
Small	چھوٹا	The car is small.
Good	اچھا	This is a good book.
Bad	برا	The food is bad.
Happy	خوش	I am happy today.
Sad	اداس	She is sad.
Hot	گرم	The tea is hot.
Cold	ٹھنڈا	The water is cold.
Fast	تیز	The car is fast.
Slow	آہستہ	He walks slowly.
New	نیا	I have a new phone.
Old	پرانا	The book is old.
Teacher	استاد	The teacher is kind.
Student	طالب علم	I am a student.
Doctor	ڈاکٹر	She is a doctor.
Market	بازار	I go to the market.
Brother	بھائی	My brother is tall.
Sister	بہن	My sister is smart.
Mother	ماں	My mother cooks.
Father	والد	My father works.
Pen	قلم	I need a pen.
Paper	کاغذ	Write on the paper.
Table	میز	The book is on the table.
Chair	کرسی	Sit on the chair.
Door	دروازہ	Open the door.

Task: Memorize 10 words daily. Use flashcards or write each word 5 times with its Urdu meaning.

Sentence Structure: Subject + Verb + Object

In English, sentences often follow the Subject + Verb + Object structure, similar to Urdu. This is key for 'sentence structure in English'.

• Subject: Who does the action (e.g., "I", "She").
• Verb: The action (e.g., "eat", "read").
• Object: What receives the action (e.g., "food", "book").

Example: "I eat food." (میں کھانا کھاتا ہوں) → Subject: I, Verb: eat, Object: food.

Urdu Comparison: Urdu often uses a similar structure: "میں کتاب پڑھتا ہوں" (Subject: میں, Verb: پڑھتا, Object: کتاب).

Semantic tip: Practice 'daily English sentences' to master this structure.

Practice: Create sentences like:

• "She reads a book." (وہ کتاب پڑھتی ہے)
• "He drinks water." (وہ پانی پیتا ہے)
• "They play football." (وہ فٹ بال کھیلتے ہیں)

Present Simple Tense

The Present Simple tense describes habits, facts, and routines. It’s a core part of 'English grammar for Urdu speakers'.

• Affirmative: Subject + Verb (add -s for he/she/it). E.g., "I walk." (میں چلتا ہوں), "She walks." (وہ چلتی ہے).
• Negative: Subject + do/does + not + Verb. E.g., "I do not walk." (میں نہیں چلتا), "She does not walk." (وہ نہیں چلتی).
• Interrogative: Do/Does + Subject + Verb? E.g., "Do I walk?" (کیا میں چلتا ہوں؟), "Does she walk?" (کیا وہ چلتی ہے؟).

Rules:

• Use "do" for I/you/we/they; "does" for he/she/it.
• Add -s to verbs for he/she/it (e.g., walk → walks).
• Common verbs: go, eat, drink, read, write.

Examples:

Type	English	Urdu
Affirmative	I eat rice.	میں چاول کھاتا ہوں۔
Negative	She does not read.	وہ نہیں پڑھتی۔
Interrogative	Do you play?	کیا آپ کھیلتے ہیں؟

Semantic tip: Use 'Present Simple tense' for routines to improve fluency.